cobol语言基础培训教程
CHAPTER 7 各部之间的关系及程序举例
一.各部之间的关系:
| IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. PROGRAM-ID. PROGRAM1. |
给程序加上标识以便识别. |
| ENVIRONMENT DIVISION. CONFIGRATION SECTION. INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION. FILE-CONTROL. SELECT PRODFILE ASSIGN TO FILE1. |
描述程序中用到的文件与外部文件的关系及控制信息 |
| DATA DIVISION. FILE SECTION. FD PRODFILE LABEL RECORD IS STANDARD. 01 PROD-REC PIC X(200). WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. 01 WS-VARIBALES. 05 WS-I PIC 9(2). |
描述程序中用到的所有文件及其记录中各数据项的属性及程序中用到的所有中间数据项的描述. |
| PROCEDURE DIVISION. | 程序的核心部分,他决定计算机进行什么操作.如,文件的读写及其他处理 |
二.程序举例:
例1:
读入一组产品销售记录,每读入一个记录,计算出销售总额(数量X单价).然后打印出该产品的全部数据.数据形式如下:
1 9 9 2 1 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 A A A A 0 1 0 0 5 0 0 0
1 9 9 3 1 2 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 B B B B 0 2 0 0 6 0 0 0
————————- —————– ———— ———— ———–
DATE PRODCODE CUST AMT PRICE
程序如下:
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. PEXAM1
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
CONFIGRATION SECTION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
SELECT INPUT-FILE ASSIGN TO FILE1
ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENCIAL
ACCESS MODE IS SEQUENCIAL
FILE-STATUS IS WS-INPUT-FILE-STATUS.
SELECT OUTPUT-FILE ASSIGN TO P-FILE
ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENCIAL
ACCESS MODE IS SEQUENCIAL
FILE-STATUS IS WS-OUTPUT-FILE-STATUS.
DATA DIVISION.
FILLE SECTION.
FD INPUT-FILE LABEL RECORD IS STANDARD.
01 IN-REC.
05 DATE PIC 9(8).
05 PROD-CODE PIC 9(6).
05 CUSTOMER-CODE PIC X(4).
05 QUANTITY PIC 9(4).
05 UNIT-PRICE PIC 9(4).
FD OUTPUT-FILE LABEL RECORD IS STANDARD.
01 OUT-REC.
05 DATE PIC 9999B99B99.
05 FILLER PIC X(5).
05 PROD-CODE PIC 9(6).
05 FILLER PIC X(5).
05 CUSTOMER-CODE PIC X(4).
05 FILLER PIC X(5).
05 QUANTITY PIC ZZZ9.
05 FILLER PIC X(5).
05 UNIT-PRICE PIC $(5).
05 FILLER PIC X(5).
05 SALES-VALUE PIC $(8).
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-VARIBLES.
05 WS-INPUT-FILE-STATUS PIC 9(2).
88 WS-INPUT-FILE-SUCCESSFUL VALUE 0.
88 WS-INPUT-FILE-EOF VALUE 23.
05 WS-OUTPUT-FILE-STATUS PIC 9(2).
88 WS-OUTPUT-FILE-SUCCESSFUL VALUE 0.
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
A000-MAIN.
PERFORM A100-OPEN-FILES
PERFORM R000-READ-FILE
PERFORM A200-PROCESS-RECORD UNTIL WS-INPUT-FILE-EOF
PERFORM A300-CLOSE-FILES
STOP RUN
.
A000-EXIT.
EXIT
.
A100-OPEN-FILES.
OPEN INPUT INPUT-FILE
OUTPUT OUTPUT-FILE
IF NOT WS-INPUT-FILE-SUCCESSFUL
DISPLAY ’INPUT-FILE OPEN NOT SUCCESSFUL’ UPON CONSOLE
PERFORM Z000-ABEND
END-IF
IF NOT WS-OUTPUT-FILE-SUCCESSFUL
DISPLAY ’OUTPUT-FILE OPEN NOT SUCCESSFUL’ UPON CONSOLE
PERFORM Z000-ABEND
END-IF
.
A200-PROCESS-RECORD.
INITIALIZE OUT-REC
MOVE CORR IN-REC TO OUT-REC
COMPUTE SALES-VALUE = QUANTITY OF IN-REC * UNIT-PRICE OF OUT-REC
PERFORM W000-WRITE-FILE
PERFORM R000-READ-FILE
.
A300-CLOSE-FILE.
CLOSE INPUT-FILE
OUTPUT-FILE
.
R000-READ-FILE.
READ INPUT-FILE
IF NOT WS-INPUT-FILE-SUCCESSFUL AND NOT WS-INPUT-FILE-EOF
DISPLAY ’INPUT-FILE READ NOT SUCCESSFUL’ UPON CONSOLE
PERFORM Z000-ABEND THRU Z000-EXIT
END-IF
.
W000-WRITE-FILE.
WRITE OUT-REC AFTER 1
IF NOT WS-OUTPUT-FILE-SUCCESSFUL
DISPLAY ’OUTPUT-FILE WRITE NOT SUCCESSFUL’ UPON CONSOLE
PERFORM Z000-ABEND
END-IF
.
Z000-ABEND.
DISPLAY ’PROGRAM ABEND !’ UPON CONSOLE
PERFORM A300-CLOSE-FILES THRU A300-EXIT
MOVE 16 TO RETURN-CODE
GOBACK
.
输出的数据形式如下:
1992 12 31 000001 AAAA 100 $5000 $500000
1993 12 31 100001 BBBB 200 $6000 $1200000
例2:
Program : INVI300 Update inventory file (random)
| File | Description | Use |
| VALTRAN | Valid inventory transaction file | Input |
| INVMAST | Inventory master file | Update |
| ERRTRAN | Unmatched inventory transaction file | Output |
Process specifications
This program updates an inventory master file (INVMAST) based on the data in a sequential
file of valid inventory transaction records (VALTRAN). The inventory master file is indexed by item number and updated randomly.
If the program finds a master record with the same item number as a transaction, it uses the
transaction data to update the master record .It does this by increasing the on hand quantity
in the master record by the receipt quantity in the transaction record.
If the program cannot find a master record for a transaction, it writes the transaction record on
the file of error transactions (ERRTRAN). The record format format for ERRTRAN is same as
for VALTRAN.
The basic processing requirements are:
1. Read a transaction record.
2. Read the master record with the same item number as in the transaction record.
3. If the master record is found , update and rewrite the matching master record.
4. If the transaction is not found , write the transaction record on the file of error transactions.

















